The cats They are animals that have always attracted our attention. They do things, apparently guided by their feline instinct, but at the same time, sometimes it seems that they are having fun doing mischief just at the moment when we are most calm. It is as if they know us better than we know them, which would not be entirely strange, since after all, they spend most of the day observing and controlling our movements.
But describing the behavior of cats is a somewhat complicated task, because, as with people, each one of them is unique and unrepeatable. Still, let's try . Let's see, roughly speaking, what is the behavior like (or felinity) of the furry ones we have at home.
The felines that rest on our couch are actually very similar to those that live in, for example, the African savannah or the jungles of America. The cat, like the puma or the leopard, is a generally solitary, who leads a quiet life. It is independent, to the point that with two months the mother already begins to neglect it. But, If at this early age he begins to have contact with humans, it is most likely that he will come to trust them so much so that your instincts may fall asleep a bit.
It can be an excellent predator. It's not for nothing that their body is designed to hunt. Even if they live in a house or apartment their whole life, this is a trait they'll never lose. If they can't hunt rodents, they'll hunt their toys. They'll always find the opportunity to perfect your techniques predators.
Nonverbal communication: ears, eyes, tail and posture
The feline language is eminently Body. The ears, eyes, tail and posture give a lot of information.
- Ears: upright and upwards indicate calm and curiosity; upright pointing to the sides reveal tension or anger; low and tilted reflect defensive anxiety; completely glued back usually indicate fear.
- Pupils: dilation (mydriasis) usually accompanies the fear or excitement; contracted pupils (myosis) may appear in anger and predatory focus.
La tail is key: relaxed and gently swaying suggests tranquility; bristling and close to the body, fear; vertically with the tip curved, friendly greeting. In addition, the general posture of the body synthesizes the emotional state:
- Relaxed: lying on side or sitting, normal breathing, loose tail.
- Alert: horizontal trunk, ears forward, tail straight or curved upwards.
- Tension: low body, bent legs, tail tucked in, stiff muscles.
- Anxiety: rapid breathing, limbs tucked under the body, tail stuck out with the tip swinging.
- Fear/Terror: body shrunken, hair raised, tail stuck; if there is no escape, it can agredir.
Coexistence with other cats and territory
Coexistence between felines can be complex due to their marked territorialism. Factors that trigger conflicts: access to resources (food/water), disputes over space, fear between individuals, pain during play, protection of the litter and the arrival of a new catIn whole animals, competition for females increases fighting.
It helps a lot multiply resources: separate food and water bowls, several litter boxes in different areas (rule of thumb: one per cat and one extra), and areas of differentiated rest. Remember that a cat can sleep most of the day, so it needs safe places and high.
Neutered or group-socialized cats usually tolerate better coexistence. If, despite the measures, tensions persist, consult a veterinary ethologist.
Feline aggression: causes and management
Aggression is usually a response to fear, territorial defense, or frustration. Visual, olfactory, or auditory stimuli from other cats can trigger it, and sometimes it occurs redirected aggression towards the nearest individual (another cat or a human).
First rule out causes medical with your veterinarian. Then, manage the environment: predictable routines, environmental enrichment, stimulus control, and, if necessary, behavior modification plan.
Scratching, biting, and other destructive behaviors
Scratching is not just about sharpening nails: it is also about visual and chemical marking. Offers alternatives: scrapers sisal rope, soft bark logs, tender wood or old fabrics/carpets, in vertical and horizontal orientationProtect delicate areas with flexible plastic sheets while learning.
Some cats chew on leather, cardboard, or fabric. Keep out of reach. cables, wires, rubber bands or dangerous objects. If the behavior persists or worsens, consult a veterinarian.
Cat Emotions and Motivations
Cats experience emotions positive and negative (well-being, sadness, fear, anger) with varying intensities. Their behavior is organized by basic motivational systems such as search (explore/eat), fear (avoid dangers), game (practice hunting) and care (social bonds and nurturing). They do not require human “higher feelings” to show affection and attachment.
Marking and pheromones
By rubbing cheeks and base of tail, they deposit pheromones that help them recognize themselves and feel the environment as their own. They also mark with their claws when scratching. Urine marking is more common in intact males; females may do so in cellSterilization usually reduces it, although the Stress can keep it.
Kneading and other instinctive behaviors
“Kneading” (alternating pressing of the front legs) is a remnant of the lactation which releases endorphins and expresses comfort. Some cats “nurture” fabrics during the process. They usually prefer soft surfaces; on hard surfaces they may “march”. If it is painful, keep the Nails cropped.
Vocalizations and typical sounds
The feline vocal repertoire is varied. The purr appears in relaxation, but also to calm down in pain or stress. There are meows of greeting, requests for atención or food, complaints of protest and sighs of frustration. The “chatter"Seeing prey may express excitement or motor rehearsal of the fatal bite. Kittens purr from a very young age.
Panting, righting reflex and safety
El panting It is not common; it can be caused by stress, heat or excitement. If it is persistent or accompanied by cough, dyspnea or weakness, go to the vet: it may be an emergency. righting reflex It helps them land on their feet, but it does not prevent injuries from high falls; it installs networks or protections on windows and balconies.
Food, tastes and way of eating
The cat is a strict carnivore who prefers several small meals a day. Many nibble grass occasionally. They are sensitive to smell, taste and texture of the food and the container: better shallow and stable bowls glass, ceramic or porcelain; avoid plastics due to odors and scratching. Place feeders away from the sandbox and, if several cats live together, provide a bowl for each individual to eat and drink.
They lack the receptor for the sweet, so they don't perceive that taste. Their preferences may become consolidated in the weaning, which is why it is advisable to offer a variety of textures early on.
Socialization and relationships with humans
Early socialization, ideally in the early weeks of life, promotes cats that are more tolerant of contact, handling, and novelty. Socializing a feral adult is difficult, although some learn to trust their caregiver. Cats can recognize your name, but if the call doesn't anticipate a clear outcome, they may ignore it. They respond better to high pitched voices and “pet-directed speech,” especially if it comes from your tutor.
Hunting, bringing prey and predatory games
Even if they are well fed, the behavior of hunting It is instinctive. If your cat brings prey home, it usually indicates confidence. (he is not afraid that you will take it away from him) and desire to share with your social group. Channel that motivation with toys cane type toys, balls, fetch games, and short but frequent sessions. Keep small objects out of reach that could bite or swallow.
Frequent everyday behaviors
Many cats love heights and hiding places (drawers, cabinets). The cardboard boxes They offer thermal shelter, environmental control and stalking points. They sleep for long hours in siesta format, Asean with dedication (and among them if there is a good bond), they are more active twilight, cover their stools and may prefer to drink from taps or fountains if the waterer is too close to the feeder. The noises of plastic/paper usually spark their interest. Provide appropriate scratching posts to prevent them from using the sofa, and check what Facilities from home are safe; the "catnip” or cat grass can be a good option.
If treated well, the cat will have a very happy life in the company of humans. In this sense, it is not so different from us. Let's take care of it and let us respect him so that he can lead a dignified life.
Understanding these signs and adapting the home with resources, routines and enrichment transforms coexistence: an understanding cat is a more Safety, and an informed tutor enjoys a more deep and predictable with his feline.